Yurchenco P (2011) Basement membranes: cell scaffoldings and signaling platforms. Simons K, Fuller S (1985) Cell surface polarity in epithelia. Mosby Elsevier, Maryland Heightsįarquhar M, Palade G (1963) Junctional complexes in various epithelia. In: Lowes S (ed) Human histology, 4th edn. Lowe J, Anderson P (2015) Epithelial cells. Epithelial tissue models provide a useful platform for fundamental and translational research, with multifaceted applications including disease modeling, drug discovery, and product development. Such technology has been used to bioengineer different epithelial architectures in vitro, including the simple, columnar structure of the intestine and the stratified, squamous, and keratinized structure of skin. This creates a physiologically relevant three-dimensional (3D) subepithelial microenvironment, enriched with mechanical and chemical cues, which supports the organization and differentiation of epithelial cells. Alvetex ® is a porous, polystyrene scaffold that enables fibroblasts to synthesize a complex network of endogenous, humanized extracellular matrix proteins. Tissue engineering strategies can be applied to bioengineer the organized, multilayered, and multicellular structure of epithelial tissues in vitro. There are various types of epithelial tissue and they have a diverse and intricate architecture in vivo, which cannot be successfully recapitulated using two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. Epithelial tissues comprise the surface epithelium, basement membrane, and underlying supporting stromal cells.
In vitro epithelial models are valuable tools for both academic and industrial laboratories to investigate tissue physiology and disease.
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